Water surges, also known as hydraulic shocks or water hammers, occur when there is a sudden change in water flow or pressure within a plumbing system. These surges can cause pipes to vibrate, make loud banging noises, and even lead to pipe damage or failure. To address this issue and prevent potential damage, many homeowners and plumbers turn to water hammer arrestors. In this article, we will explore the function and effectiveness of water hammer arrestors in mitigating water surges.
Understanding Water Surges:
Water surges occur due to sudden changes in water flow or pressure caused by events like valve closures, pump operation, or even rapid fixture operation. When water flow is abruptly halted, the kinetic energy within the system is suddenly converted to pressure energy, resulting in the creation of water hammer. This sudden pressure increase can lead to loud banging noises, pipe vibrations, and in extreme cases, pipe rupture.
Introducing Water Hammer Arrestors:
A water hammer arrestor is a device designed to absorb the shockwaves caused by water surges, preventing potential damage to the plumbing system. It acts as a cushion, absorbing and dissipating the excess pressure created during sudden flow changes. By effectively reducing the hydraulic shocks, water hammer arrestors help to maintain the system’s stability, extend the lifespan of pipes, and minimize the need for costly repairs.
Functioning of Water Hammer Arrestors:
Water hammer arrestors contain a sealed air chamber that is equipped with a diaphragm or piston. When a surge occurs, the excessive pressure created pushes against the air chamber, compressing the air within. This compression allows the water hammer arrestor to absorb and dampen the force of the water surge, preventing it from reverberating back through the plumbing system. By effectively attenuating the pressure spikes, the risk of damage to the pipes and fixtures is greatly reduced.
Installation and Placement:
Water hammer arrestors are typically installed near fixtures or appliances that are prone to causing water surges, such as washing machines, dishwashers, or irrigation systems. These devices can be found as separate units, which are installed directly onto the plumbing system, or as integrated features within specific fixtures or appliances.
Proper sizing and placement of water hammer arrestors are crucial for optimal performance. Plumbers should evaluate the water flow and pressure demands of the system to determine the appropriate size and location of the arrestor. Correct installation ensures that the water hammer arrestor can effectively mitigate the water surges within the specific plumbing system.
Effectiveness and Limitations:
Water hammer arrestors are highly effective in reducing the impact of water surges on a plumbing system. Their ability to absorb and dissipate excess pressure significantly minimizes the risk of pipe damage, noise, and other related issues. However, it is important to note that water hammer arrestors may not completely eliminate water surges, but rather mitigate their impact.
It is also worth mentioning that water hammer arrestors have a lifespan and may require periodic maintenance or replacement. Over time, the air chamber within the arrestor may become depleted or waterlogged, reducing its effectiveness. Regular inspection and potential maintenance will help ensure the continued functionality of the water hammer arrestor.
Water hammer arrestors play a vital role in protecting plumbing systems from the damaging effects of water surges. By absorbing and dissipating excess pressure, these devices help maintain the stability and integrity of pipes, reducing the risk of damage and costly repairs. Proper sizing, placement, and regular maintenance are essential to ensure optimal performance. So, if you’re experiencing water surges in your plumbing system, consider installing water hammer arrestors to mitigate their impact and safeguard your plumbing infrastructure.